The influence of magnetic field swept rate on the ultrasonic propagation velocity of magnetorheological fluids

Structure of magnetorheological (MR) fluids depends on the strength of the magnetic field applied and on the mode of its application. The ultrasonic wave propagation velocity changes under the effect of an external magnetic field as a result of formation of clusters arranged along the direction of the field in the MR fluids. Therefore, we propose a qualitative analysis of these clustering structures by measuring properties of ultrasonic propagation. Since the MR fluids are opaque, the non-contact inspection using this ultrasonic technique can be very useful. In this study, we measured ultrasonic propagation velocity in MR fluid influenced by an external magnetic field for different swept rate precisely. With increasing magnetic field intensity, the changes of the ultrasonic wave velocity are more pronounced. Sedimentation effect takes place in certain time for different swept rate due to magnetic particle size and it follows linear relationship in log scale. Significant differences of the ultrasonic wave velocity are established between the case when the field is swept at a constant rate and the case when it is stepped up.     

基于合成规则的相似性推理及其在焊接参数设计中的应用

焊接过程是典型的复杂过程,应用模糊逻辑建立焊接参数推理系统可快速实现焊接工艺参数设计.近似推理机制是模糊系统研究和开发中的一个重要组成部分,在现有的相似性推理方法的基础上,融合经典的合成规则推理技术,提出一种新的基于合成规则的相似性推理方法.以CO_2保护焊焊接规范参数设计为背景介绍模糊推理在焊接领域的应用,运行结果表明,采用方法建立的模糊推理模型具有较高的推算精度,能够满足焊接工艺参数设计的要求.     

One-pot sonochemical synthesis of 1,3-thiazolidin-4-ones using nano-CdZr4(PO4)6 as a robust heterogeneous catalyst

An efficient three-component synthesis of 1,3-thiazolidin-4-ones is described by one-pot condensation of aldehydes, aniline and thioglycolic acid with nano-CdZr₄(PO₄)₆ as a robust heterogeneous catalyst under ultrasonic irradiation. Use of simple and readily available starting materials, experimental simplicity, applying the sonochemical methodology as an efficient method and innocuous means of activation in synthetic chemistry are some advantages of this protocol.     

Fabrication of bacterial cellulose thin films self-assembled from sonochemically prepared nanofibrils and its characterization

Bacterial cellulose (BC) film formation could be a critical issue in nanotechnology applications such as biomedical or smart materials products. In this research, purified pretreated BC was subjected to high intensity ultrasound (HIUS) and was investigated for the development of BC films. The morphological, structural and thermal properties of the obtained films were studied by using FE-SEM, AFM, FT-IR, XRD, TGA and DSC characterizations. Results showed that the most favorable purification treatment was the 0.01 M NaOH at 70 °C for 2 h under continuous stirring. The most suitable ultrasound operating conditions were found to be, 1 cm distance of ultrasonic probe from the bottom of the beaker, submerged in cold water bath cooling around 12 ± 2 °C. The power (25 W/cm²), time (30 min), BC concentration (0.1% w/w), amplitude (20 μm) and frequency (20 kHz) were maintained constant.     

Determination of Pd,Rh, Pt,Au in road dust by electrothermal vaporization inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with slurry sampling

Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry coupled with ultrasonic slurry sampling electrothermal vaporization (USS-ETV-ICP-MS) has been applied to determine Pd, Rh, Pt and Au in 0.5% m/v slurries of several road dust samples. 2% m/v ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (APDC) was used as the modifier to enhance the ion count. The influence of instrument operating conditions, slurry preparation and interferences on the ion count was reported. This method has been applied to the determination of Pd, Rh, Pt and Au in BCR 723 Road Dust and NIST SRM 2709 San Joaquin Soil reference materials and two road dust samples collected locally. The analysis results of the standard reference materials agreed with the certified values. Precision between sample replicates was better than 10% for all the determinations. The method detection limits estimated from standard addition curves were 0.9, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.4 ng g⁻¹ for Pd, Rh, Pt and Au, respectively, in original dust samples.     

Ultrasound-assisted extraction of Cordyceps cicadae polyphenols: Optimization,LC-MS characterization,antioxidant and DNA damage protection activity evaluation

In this study, ultrasound-assisted extraction of polyphenols from C. cicadae was optimized by response surface methodology (RSM). The optimized conditions were determined as extraction time of 39 min, liquid-to-solid ratio of 1:29 g/mL, extraction temperature of 69 °C and ethanol concentration of 55% with a yield of 21.9 mg gallic acid equivalent/g dry weight. Four resins were used for polyphenol purification. D101 resin had the highest ratio of adsorption and was further applied in polyphenol purification test. A total of 19 different phenolic compounds were identified by LC-MS, including 12 phenolic acids and 7 organic acids. In addition, C. cicadae polyphenols displayed higher antioxidant activity in vitro and anti-aging activity of C. elegans in vivo. Lastly, C. cicadae polyphenols showed the potential to protect DNA from oxidative damage. Overall, our results suggest that polyphenols from C. cicadae may be considered as novel sources of anti-oxidation, anti-aging and recommended as reagents to protect DNA from oxidative damage in food and pharmaceutical industries.     

Ultrasound assisted,VOSO4 catalyzed synthesis of 4-thiazolidinones: Antimicrobial evaluation of indazole-4-thiazolidinone derivatives

A simple and expedient multicomponent protocol was developed to synthesize 4-thiazolidinones by employing VOSO₄ as a catalyst under ultrasonic irradiation. The significant features of this protocol includes shorter reaction time, high yields, low catalyst loading, and also the catalyst can be recovered and reused up to next four cycles without significant loss in catalytic activity. All the synthesized novel indazole compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial and anti-biofilm activities. Compounds 9n, 9o and 9q showed promising activity (MIC value of 3.9?µg/mL) against K. planticola (MTCC 530). They also exhibited significant bactericidal activity against K. planticola (MTCC 530) (MBC value of 15.6?µg/mL). Additionally, 9n, 9o and 9q inhibited biofilm formation (IC₅₀ values ranging between 20.28–20.79?μg/mL) in this organism.     

3-芳亚甲基吲哚-2-酮类化合物的合成及其抑菌活性研究

在超声辐射和哌啶催化反应条件下,1,3-二氢吲哚-2-酮(1)与芳香醛2a~2m发生Knoevenagel缩合反应,合成了一系列3-芳亚甲基吲哚-2-酮衍生物3a~3m。该方法具有产率高、反应时间短、后处理简单和环境友好等优点,产物通过~1H NMR、~(13)C NMR和HRMS手段进行结构表征,并通过核磁2D NOESY确定了所有化合物几何构型。初步抑菌活性测试结果表明,化合物3d对革兰氏阳性菌具有较好的抑制作用,最小抑菌浓度(MIC)为15.6μg/m L,化合物3f、3g、3h和3k对油菜菌核病菌表现出良好的抑制活性,MIC为62.5μg/m L,与阳性对照多菌灵相当。此外,对此类化合物的构效关系进行了讨论。     

超声萃取-高效液相色谱法同时测定人造革中7种苯并三唑类紫外线吸收剂含量

建立了超声萃取-高效液相色谱法(HPLC)同时测定人造革中7种苯并三唑类紫外线吸收剂UV-P、UV-326、UV-327、UV-329、UV-350、UV-320和UV-328含量的方法。该方法以甲醇为萃取溶剂,超声萃取人造革中的苯并三唑类紫外线吸收剂,萃取液经处理后直接进行HPLC分析,外标法定量。在信噪比(S/N)=3的条件下,UV-P、UV-326、UV-327、UV-329、UV-350的检出限均为0.05mg/kg,UV-320、UV-328的检出限均为0.10 mg/kg。在3个不同加标浓度水平下,各组分的平均加标回收率为88.19%~98.32%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.61%~3.74%。该方法简便快捷、灵敏度高,可用于人造革中苯并三唑类紫外线吸收剂的测定。采用该方法对市售人造革样品进行测定,结果在6个样品中检出了不同浓度水平的UV-P和UV-329。     

非线性工作状态压电换能器匹配技术

针对压电换能器在大功率下存在复杂非线性而导致匹配参数难以优化的问题,以大功率超声金属焊接为例,通过采集测试焊接过程换能器两端电压的幅值与频率,建立换能器反谐振电阻与驱动电压有效值、频率之间的数学模型;提出基于反谐振电阻模型的最优功率匹配方法,推导了匹配电感电容的计算公式。最后实验验证了数学模型的准确性,且当换能器输入功率在最优功率附近时,匹配网络电能传输效率最高。